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淀粉 2

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加速湿热老化 1

基于RNA的生物防治 1

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Preparation of starch esters with crosslinking structures derived from dianhydride

Huijuan CHU, Hongliang WEI, Jing ZHU, Shouyin HU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 51-54 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0534-5

摘要： Starch is a kind of natural polymer used in many industrial fields because of its low cost, availability and biodegradation. Potato starch was modified by esterification with pyromellitic dianhydride, and the products were obtained with crosslinking structures. Orthogonal experiments showed that reactive temperature was the primary influencing factor. The product prepared at 40°C for 3 h with the mass ratio of starch and dianhydride of 16∶1 and pH value of 7.5 exhibited a degree of substitution of 11%. FTIR and UV analysis verified the formation of starch esters.

关键词： potato starch     pyromellitic dianhydride     esterification     crosslink    

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SIMULATION OF O-BLOWN CO-GASIFICATION OF WOOD CHIP AND POTATO PEEL FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第3期   页码 448-457 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023490

摘要：

● Low-value biowaste including wood chip and potato peel was valorized to syngas.

关键词： Aspen Plus     co-gasification     potato peel     syngas     simulation     waste reduction     wood chip    

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Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of sweet potato powder for the production of ethanol under

Yinxiu CAO, Hongchi TIAN, Kun YAO, Yingjin YUAN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 318-324 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-1026-3

摘要： Due to its merits of drought tolerance and high yield, sweet potatoes are widely considered as a potential alterative feedstock for bioethanol production. Very high gravity (VHG) technology is an effective strategy for improving the efficiency of ethanol fermentation from starch materials. However, this technology has rarely been applied to sweet potatoes because of the high viscosity of their liquid mash. To overcome this problem, cellulase was added to reduce the high viscosity, and the optimal dosage and treatment time were 8 U/g (sweet potato powder) and 1 h, respectively. After pretreatment by cellulase, the viscosity of the VHG sweet potato mash (containing 284.2 g/L of carbohydrates) was reduced by 81%. After liquefaction and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), the final ethanol concentration reached 15.5% (v/v), and the total sugar conversion and ethanol yields were 96.5% and 87.8%, respectively.

关键词： bioethanol     sweet potato     very high gravity     viscosity reduction     simultaneous saccharification and fermentation    

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Performance of an ANAMMOX reactor treating wastewater generated by antibiotic and starch production processes

Hong YAO, Hao LIU, Yongmiao HE, Shujun ZHANG, Peizhe SUN, Chinghua HUANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第6期   页码 875-883 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0459-y

摘要： A pilot-scale anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) reactor was used to treat mixed wastewater resulting from a chlortetracycline and starch production process. The results, collected over the course of 272 days, show that the ratio of influent ammonium to nitrite, pH, and temperature can all affect the efficiency of nitrogen removal. The ratio of influent ammonium to nitrite was maintained at about 1:1 at a concentration below 200 mg·L for both influent ammonium and nitrite. The total nitrogen (TN) loading rate was 0.15–0.30 kgN·m ·d , pH remained at 7.8–8.5, and temperature was recorded at 33±1°C. The rate of removal of ammonia, nitrite, and TN were over 90%, 90%, and 80%, and the effluent ammonium, nitrite and TN concentrations were below 50, 30, and 100 mg·L .

关键词： anaerobic ammonia oxidation     antibiotic and starch production     ratio of ammonia to nitrite     total nitrogen    

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Comparative transcriptome analysis of purple-fleshed sweet potato provides insights into the molecular

Hongyuan ZHAO, Shanshan ZHANG, Feibing WANG, Ning ZHAO, Shaozhen HE, Qingchang LIU, Hong ZHAI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第2期   页码 214-225 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018219

摘要： Sweet potato, , is a globally important food crop. The purple-fleshed sweet potato, rich in anthocyanins, has great potential for both nutritional and pharmaceutical uses. In this study, we characterized the root transcriptomes of the purple-fleshed sweet potato cv. Jingshu 6 and its mutant JS6-5 with high anthocyanin content by high-throughput RNA sequencing. A total of 22873364 and 27955097 high quality reads were obtained from Jingshu 6 and JS6-5, respectively, and assembled into 35592 unigenes. In all, we obtained 1566 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Among them, 994 were upregulated and 572 were downregulated in JS6-5 compared to the expression in Jingshu 6. A total of 1436 DEGs were annotated, in which 847 DEGs had gene ontology (GO) terms and 329 DEGs were assigned to 84 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Most importantly, 23 differentially expressed genes and 24 transcription factors were identified as candidate genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. In addition, 2349 SSRs were detected. This study not only provides the candidate genes but also provides insights into the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in sweet potato.

关键词： anthocyanin     gene expression     mutant     purple-fleshed sweet potato     transcriptome    

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Development and testing of a weather-based model to determine potential yield losses caused by potato

Alexey FILIPPOV, Maria KUZNETSOVA, Alexander ROGOZHIN, Olga IAKUSHEVA, Valentina DEMIDOVA, Natalia STATSYUK

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第4期   页码 462-468 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018239

摘要：

Late blight is one of the most important potato diseases. To minimize yield losses, various protective measures are used including fungicide application. Active use of fungicides results in a contamination of the environment. Therefore, crop protection strategies optimizing the number of treatments are of great interest. Using information about late blight development in an experimental potato field recorded over 30 seasons, a simulator to forecast yield losses caused by the disease was developed based on the number of 5-d periods favorable for reinfection of plants during a vegetation season. The simulator was successfully verified using independent data on the disease development from nine unprotected potato fields in the Netherlands and Germany. The average difference between the calculated and real yield losses did not exceed 5%. Using the simulator and weather data for a period of 2007-2017, yield losses were calculated for several areas of the Bryansk, Tambov, and Orenburg Regions of Russia. The results revealed differences in disease development between these regions and may be used to develop recommendations for a frequency of fungicide applications according to the regional risk of epidemics, leading to a significant reduction in fungicide use.

关键词： potato     late blight     Phytophthora infestans     yield losses     retrospective analysis     mathematical model    

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Performance of inverse fluidized bed bioreactor in treating starch wastewater

M. RAJASIMMAN, C. KARTHIKEYAN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 235-239 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0020-0

摘要： Aerobic digestion of starch industry wastewater was carried out in an inverse fluidized bed bioreactor using low-density (870 kg/m ) polypropylene particles. Experiments were carried out at different initial substrate concentrations of 2250, 4475, 6730, and 8910 mg COD/L and for various hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 40, 32, 24, 16, and 8 h. Degradation of organic matter was studied at different organic loading rates (OLR) by varying the HRT and the initial substrate concentration. From the results it was observed that the maximum COD removal of 95.6% occurred at an OLR of 1.35 kg COD/(m ·d) and the minimum of 51.8% at an OLR of 26.73 kg COD/(m ·d). The properties of biomass accumulation on the surface of particles were also studied. It was observed that constant biomass loading was achieved over the entire period of operation.

关键词： inverse fluidization     low-density particles     polypropylene     starch     biofilm    

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Preparation and swelling properties of a starch-g-poly(acrylic acid)/organo-mordenite hydrogel composite

Yan Zhang,Pingqiang Gao,Lin Zhao,Yizhong Chen

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 147-161 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1546-y

摘要： A novel hydrogel composite was prepared via inverse suspension polymerization using starch, acrylic acid and organo-mordenite micropowder with the crosslinker, , ′-methylenebisacrylamide and the initiator, potassium persulfate. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed that the acrylic acid was grafted onto the backbone of the corn starch, that the organo-mordenite participated in the polymerization, and that the addition of organo-mordenite improved the surface morphology of the hydrogel composite. The swelling capacity of the hydrogel composite was evaluated in distilled water, and solutions with different pH values, and various salt solutions. It was found that the incorporation of 10 wt-% organo-mordenite enhanced the water absorbency by 144% (from 268 to 655 g·g ) and swelling was extremely sensitive to the pH values, the concentration of the salt solution and cation type. Swelling kinetics and water diffusion mechanism of the hydrogel composite in distilled water were also discussed. Moreover, the hydrogel composite showed excellent reversibility of water absorption even after five repetitive cycles and the hydrogel composite exhibited significant environmental-responsiveness by changing the swelling medium from distilled water to 0.1 mol·L NaCl solution. In addition, the loading and release of urea by the hydrogel composite were tested and the nutrient-slow-release capability of this material was found to be suitable for many potential applications.

关键词： hydrogel composite     environmental-responsiveness     organo-mordenite     starch     acrylic acid    

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Wastewater-nitrogen removal using polylactic acid/starch as carbon source: Optimization of operating

Yan GUO, Chuanfu WU, Qunhui WANG, Min YANG, Qiqi HUANG, Markus MAGEP, Tianlong ZHENG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0845-y

摘要： The use of PLA/starch blends for nitrogen removal was achieved. The influence of different operating parameters on responses was verified using RSM. The conditions for desired responses were successfully optimized simultaneously. Blends material may have a promising application prospect in the future. Nitrogen removal from ammonium-containing wastewater was conducted using polylactic acid (PLA)/starch blends as carbon source and carrier for functional bacteria. The exclusive and interactive influences of operating parameters (i.e., temperature, pH, stirring rate, and PLA-to-starch ratio (PLA proportion)) on nitrification ( ), denitrification ( ), and COD release rates ( ) were investigated through response surface methodology. Experimental results indicated that nitrogen removal could be successfully achieved in the PLA/starch blends through simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The carbon release rate of the blends was controllable. The sensitivity of , , and to different operating parameters also differed. The sequence for each response was as follows: for , pH>stirring rate>PLA proportion>temperature; for , pH>PLA proportion>temperature>stirring rate; and for , stirring rate>pH>PLA proportion>temperature. In this study, the following optimum conditions were observed: temperature, 32.0°C; pH 7.7; stirring rate, 200.0 r·min ; and PLA proportion, 0.4. Under these conditions, , , and were 134.0 μg-N·g-blend ·h , 160.9 μg-N·g-blend ·h , and 7.6 × 10 μg-O·g-blend ·h , respectively. These results suggested that the PLA/starch blends may be an ideal packing material for nitrogen removal.

关键词： Nitrogen removal     Polylactic acid     Starch     Carbon source     Response surface methodology    

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Microbial community structure and dynamics of starch-fed and glucose-fed chemostats during two years

Min GOU,Jing ZENG,Huizhong WANG,Yueqin TANG,Toru SHIGEMATSU,Shigeru MORIMURA,Kenji KIDA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 368-380 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0815-9

摘要： The microbial community structures of two mesophilic anaerobic chemostats, one fed with glucose, the other with starch as sole carbon sources, were studied at various dilution rates (0.05–0.25 d for glucose and 0.025–0.1 d for starch) during two years continuous operation. In the glucose-fed chemostat, the aceticlastic methanogen spp. and hydrogenotrophic methanogen spp. predominated at low dilution rates, whereas spp. and the hydrogenotrophic spp. predominated together when dilution rates were greater than 0.1 d . Bacteria affiliated with the phyla Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, and Actinobacteria predominated at dilution rates of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 d , respectively, while Firmicutes predominated at higher dilution rates (0.2 and 0.25 d ). In the starch-fed chemostat, the aceticlastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens coexisted at all dilution rates. Although bacteria belonging to only two phyla were mainly responsible for starch degradation (Spirochaetes at the dilution rate of 0.08 d and Firmicutes at other dilution rates), different bacterial genera were identified at different dilution rates. With the exception of Archaea in the glucose-fed chemostat, the band patterns revealed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of the microbial communities in the two chemostats displayed marked changes during long-term operation at a constant dilution rate. The bacterial community changed with changes in the dilution rate, and was erratic during long-term operation in both glucose-fed and starch-fed chemostats.

关键词： microbial community     glucose degradation     starch degradation     dilution rate     continuous methane fermentation     phylogenetic analysis    

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Annotation and validation of genes involved in photosynthesis and starch synthesis from a

Yang ZHANG,Xin CHEN,Haiyan WANG,Zhiqiang XIA,Peng LING,Wenquan WANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第4期   页码 308-320 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016113

摘要： A full-length cDNA library from leaf and root tissues of cassava ( ) Arg7 and one accession of its wild ancestor W14 ( ssp. ) has been constructed. The library is comprised of four sub-libraries, containing 32640 recombinant clones, 6028 cDNA clones from their 5′ ends, and 128 clones from the 3′ ends were sequenced. In total, 5013 high-quality expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and 1259 unigenes were obtained. Of these, 746 unigenes were identified by their sequence homologies to ESTs from model plants, and 323 unigenes were mapped onto 114 different KEGG pathways. From these, 24 differentially expressed genes involved in starch metabolism and photosynthesis were identified and five of them were selected to compare their expression level between Arg7 and W14. Notably, Arg7 has a higher net photosynthesis rate in leaves, higher ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxy-lase oxygenase activities in leaves, and higher AGPase activity in roots. This resource is the first EST collection from wild cassava and should be of value for gene discovery, genome annotation and studies of evolution.

关键词： Manihot esculenta     expressed sequence tag     unigene     pathway     expression pattern    

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Advancements in non-starch polysaccharides research for frozen foods and microencapsulation of probiotics

Pavan Kumar SOMA, Patrick D. WILLIAMS, Y. Martin LO,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 413-426 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0254-x

摘要： Conventionally used in the food industry as stabilizing, thickening, gelling, and suspending or dispersing agents, non-starch polysaccharides such as xanthan gum are known to improve the texture of certain frozen products. Another polysaccharide that has received significant attention in recent years is chitosan, a natural biopolymer derived from chitin. In the wake of growing interest in finding ideal encapsulating agents for probiotics, non-starch polysaccharides have been investigated. Scattered research can be found on the effect of each individual polysaccharide, but there remains a void in the literature in terms of closely comparing the characteristics of non-starch polysaccharides for these applications, especially when more than one biopolymer is employed. A good understanding of the tools capable of elucidating the underlying mechanisms involved is essential in ushering further development of their applications. Therefore, it is this review’s intention to focus on the selection criteria of non-starch polysaccharides based on their rheological properties, resistance to harsh conditions, and ability to improve sensory quality. A variety of critical tools is also carefully examined with respect to the attainable information crucial to frozen food and microencapsulation applications.

关键词： development     literature     attainable information     biopolymer     capable    

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淀粉基膳食食品的设计及其结构研究 Review

柏玉香, 李晓晓, 纪杭燕, 王禹, 郑丹妮, 王艳丽, 金征宇

《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第5期   页码 663-673 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.12.007

摘要：

碳水化合物是食物的主要成分之一，也是人类膳食的主要能量来源，通常包括糖类、淀粉和纤维。在这三大来源中，淀粉是储量最丰富的碳水化合物之一。研究淀粉不仅可以加深人们对淀粉在人体中的功能的理解，而且有助于开发设计新的淀粉基膳食食品。本文首先综述了国内外对快消化淀粉（RDS）、慢消化淀粉（SDS）和抗性淀粉（RS）等的最新研究进展，然后介绍了淀粉基膳食食品消化率的体内和体外测定方法。在此基础上，提出了通过直接添加变性淀粉或改变加工条件来设计新型淀粉基膳食食品的研究策略。最后，本文对淀粉类食品未来的研究方向进行了展望。

关键词： 糖     淀粉     纤维     膳食食品    

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Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of wheat bran flour into ethanol using coculture of amylotic

K. Manikandan, T. Viruthagiri

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 240-249 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0205-6

摘要： Studies on simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of wheat bran flour, a grain milling residue as the substrate using coculture method were carried out with strains of starch digesting and nonstarch digesting and sugar fermenting in batch fermentation. Experiments based on central composite design (CCD) were conducted to maximize the glucose yield and to study the effects of substrate concentration, pH, temperature, and enzyme concentration on percentage conversion of wheat bran flour starch to glucose by treatment with fungal α-amylase and the above parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum values of substrate concentration, pH, temperature, and enzyme concentration were found to be 200 g/L, 5.5, 65°C and 7.5 IU, respectively, in the starch saccharification step. The effects of pH, temperature and substrate concentration on ethanol concentration, biomass and reducing sugar concentration were also investigated. The optimum temperature and pH were found to be 30°C and 5.5, respectively. The wheat bran flour solution equivalent to 6% ( / ) initial starch concentration gave the highest ethanol concentration of 23.1 g/L after 48 h of fermentation at optimum conditions of pH and temperature. The growth kinetics was modeled using Monod model and Logistic model and product formation kinetics using Leudeking-Piret model. Simultaneous saccharificiation and fermentation of liquefied wheat bran starch to bioethanol was studied using coculture of amylolytic fungus and nonamylolytic sugar fermenting .

关键词： simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF)     starch     coculture fermentation     statistical experimental design     bioethanol     Monod model    

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A novel aldo-keto reductase gene,

Jinxi HUO, Bing DU, Sifan SUN, Shaozhen HE, Ning ZHAO, Qingchang LIU, Hong ZHAI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第2期   页码 206-213 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018225

摘要： High concentrations of Cd can inhibit growth and reduce the activity of the photosynthetic apparatus in plants. In several plant species, aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) have been shown to enhance tolerance to various abiotic stresses by scavenging cytotoxic aldehydes; however, few AKRs have been reported to enhance Cd stress tolerance. In this study, the gene was isolated from sweet potato. The relative expression levels of increased significantly (approximately 3-fold) after exposure to 200 mol·L CdCl or 10 mmol·L H O . A subcellular localization assay showed that is predominantly located in the nucleus and cytoplasm. -overexpressing tobacco plants showed higher tolerance to Cd stress than wild-type (WT). Transgenic lines showed a significant ability to scavenge malondialdehyde (MDA) and methylglyoxal (MG). In addition, proline content and superoxide dismutase activity were significantly higher and H O levels were significantly lower in the transgenic plants than in the WT. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging genes encoding guaiacol peroxidase ( ), ascorbate peroxidase ( ), monodehydroascorbate reductase ( ) and peroxidase ( ) were significantly upregulated in transgenic plants compared to WT under Cd stress. These findings suggest that overexpressing enhances tolerance to Cd stress via the scavenging of cytotoxic aldehydes and the activation of the ROS scavenging system.

关键词： cadmium stress     IbAKR     Ipomoea batatas     sweet potato    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Preparation of starch esters with crosslinking structures derived from dianhydride

Huijuan CHU, Hongliang WEI, Jing ZHU, Shouyin HU

期刊论文

SIMULATION OF O-BLOWN CO-GASIFICATION OF WOOD CHIP AND POTATO PEEL FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS

期刊论文

Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of sweet potato powder for the production of ethanol under

Yinxiu CAO, Hongchi TIAN, Kun YAO, Yingjin YUAN

期刊论文

Performance of an ANAMMOX reactor treating wastewater generated by antibiotic and starch production processes

Hong YAO, Hao LIU, Yongmiao HE, Shujun ZHANG, Peizhe SUN, Chinghua HUANG

期刊论文

Comparative transcriptome analysis of purple-fleshed sweet potato provides insights into the molecular

Hongyuan ZHAO, Shanshan ZHANG, Feibing WANG, Ning ZHAO, Shaozhen HE, Qingchang LIU, Hong ZHAI

期刊论文

Development and testing of a weather-based model to determine potential yield losses caused by potato

Alexey FILIPPOV, Maria KUZNETSOVA, Alexander ROGOZHIN, Olga IAKUSHEVA, Valentina DEMIDOVA, Natalia STATSYUK

期刊论文

Performance of inverse fluidized bed bioreactor in treating starch wastewater

M. RAJASIMMAN, C. KARTHIKEYAN

期刊论文

Preparation and swelling properties of a starch-g-poly(acrylic acid)/organo-mordenite hydrogel composite

Yan Zhang,Pingqiang Gao,Lin Zhao,Yizhong Chen

期刊论文

Wastewater-nitrogen removal using polylactic acid/starch as carbon source: Optimization of operating

Yan GUO, Chuanfu WU, Qunhui WANG, Min YANG, Qiqi HUANG, Markus MAGEP, Tianlong ZHENG

期刊论文

Microbial community structure and dynamics of starch-fed and glucose-fed chemostats during two years

Min GOU,Jing ZENG,Huizhong WANG,Yueqin TANG,Toru SHIGEMATSU,Shigeru MORIMURA,Kenji KIDA

期刊论文

Annotation and validation of genes involved in photosynthesis and starch synthesis from a

Yang ZHANG,Xin CHEN,Haiyan WANG,Zhiqiang XIA,Peng LING,Wenquan WANG

期刊论文

Advancements in non-starch polysaccharides research for frozen foods and microencapsulation of probiotics

Pavan Kumar SOMA, Patrick D. WILLIAMS, Y. Martin LO,

期刊论文

淀粉基膳食食品的设计及其结构研究

柏玉香, 李晓晓, 纪杭燕, 王禹, 郑丹妮, 王艳丽, 金征宇

期刊论文

Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of wheat bran flour into ethanol using coculture of amylotic

K. Manikandan, T. Viruthagiri

期刊论文

A novel aldo-keto reductase gene,

Jinxi HUO, Bing DU, Sifan SUN, Shaozhen HE, Ning ZHAO, Qingchang LIU, Hong ZHAI

期刊论文